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 Previous issues: (ESPAÑOL)

Number 1 / Sep 28, 2007
  - Which is the proper driving position? (1)
  - Using automatic transmissions
  - What is a vehicle policy good for?
Number 2 / Oct 4, 2007
  - Which is the proper driving position? (2)
  - What to do when the engine overheats
  - Evaluate and train drivers
Number 3 / Oct 11, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (1)
  - How to distribute load in trucks
  - The reasons why road research is necessary
Number 4 / Oct 18, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (2)
  - Tips to conserve the battery
  - Auditing vehicles
Number 5 / Oct 25, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (3)
  - How to maintain tires in good conditions?
  - Managing vehicle risk
Number 6 / Nov 1, 2007
  - How we adjust car mirrors?
  - How to prevent the engine from overheating?
  - Accidents study
Number 7 / Nov 8, 2007
  - Precautions when driving at night
  - Fifth Wheel and King Pin (1)
  - Trip planning, a combining tool
Number 8 / Nov 15, 2007
  - Braking with air brakes
  - Fifth Wheel and King Pin (2)
  - Repair shop audits
Number 9 / Nov 22, 2007
  - The overtake manoeuvre (1)
  - Tire maintenance (1)
  - 24hs driving safely recording
Number 10 / Nov 29, 2007
  - The overtake manoeuvre (2)
  - Tire maintenance (2)
  - Taking responsibility for the hired driving
Number 11 / Dec 6, 2007
  - Driving when it rains
  - Understanding tire markings
  - Access control
Number 12 / Dec 13, 2007
  - Driving with Anti Lock Braking System
  - Coupling system safety
  - Safe driving, Values and Culture
Number 13 / Dec 21, 2007
  - When it's better to avoid driving?
  - Safety chains for coupling systems
  - Management rules and certification
Number 14 / Dec 27, 2007
  - Overspeed brakes' trailers
  - Air conditioning maintenance
  - Where to start from
Number 15 / May 14, 2008
  - Driving Definition
  - Clutch maintenance
Number 16 / May 28, 2008
  - The Attitude's influence when driving
  - Gear box oil
Number 17 / Jun 11, 2008
  - Driving through curves
  - How to choose the best tires
Number 18 / Jun 25, 2008
  - Anxiety effects in driving
  - Maintained shock absorbers, safety vehicles
Number 19 / Jul 10, 2008
  - Driving backwards
  - Prepare your vehicle for cold weather
Number 20 / Jul 23, 2008
  - Sleeping well, better driving
  - Exhaust fumes colour diagnosis
Number 21 / Aug 6, 2008
  - How to ascend and descend slopes safely
  - The engine cooling system
Number 22 / Aug 20, 2008
  - Dysfunctional beliefs in women and men driving
  - Safe Load in Tank Trucks
Number 23 / Sep 3, 2008
  - Driving in the fog
  - Safe lights
Number 24 / Sep 17, 2008
  - Driving in the fog - Second part
  - Hydraulic brakes safe maintenance (1)
Number 25 / Oct 1, 2008
  - Bad habits and their influence in behaviour
  - Hydraulic brakes safe maintenance (2)
Number 26 / Oct 15, 2008
  - How we learn to drive
  - Reducing tire air pressure
Number 27 / Oct 29, 2008
  - Crossing junctions
  - Dangerous alterations and modifications on heavy vehicles
Number 28 / Nov 12, 2008
  - Driving and distraction
  - Common transmission failures
Number 29 / Nov 26, 2008
  - Two different ways of understanding "Driving"
  - Safe lights
Number 30 / Dec 10, 2008
  - Preventing distractions
  - Failures easy to be detected
Number 31 / Jan 14, 2009
  - "Accident", its definition
  - Electronic Stability Control
Number 32 / Jan 28, 2009
  - Fatigue, the driving enemy
  - The steering on vehicles
Number 33 / Feb 11, 2009
  - Perceptual phenomena
  - Steering regulation
Number 34 / Feb 25, 2009
  - Car drivers and bikers, an intelligent coexistence
  - Progress in steering systems
Number 35 / Mar 11, 2009
  - Wrong horn usage
  - How the clutch works
Number 36 / 25 Mar, 2009
  - Driving in snowy roads
  - Clutch maintenance
Number 37 / 8 Abr, 2009
  - Understanding signposting
  - Expiring dates
Number 38 / 22 Abr, 2009
  - Rage control
  - The importance of the engine's torque when driving (1)
Number 39 / 6 May, 2009
  - Can we improve our driving techniques?
  - The importance of the engine's torque when driving (2)
Number 40 / 20 May, 2009
  - Driving and antidepressants, a dangerous combination
  - Correct 4x4 transmissions usage
Number 41 / 3 Jun, 2009
  - The attention degree can be improved
  - Maintenance: the key to extend the engine's service life
Manejo Inteligente Manejo Inteligente
 www.drivingconsultancy.com
Info Manejo October 25, 2007
 number 5
We present INFO MANEJO's 5th issue. Today we offer you the third and last article about "How to brake correctly", tips to maintain tires in good condition in heavy vehicles and which are the reasons for risk managing.

Plus, we remind you that Info Manejo's previous issues are posted a our web site.

Manejo
   How to brake correctly?    3rd part.
Braking with the gear box

To brake with the gear box means to pass from gear to gear and make the most of the engine's slowing down possibility at the maximum torque zone. It's important to know this for light and, especially, for heavy vehicles.

Firstly, it's necessary to identify which are the speeds that the vehicle reaches at each gear when the engine is working at its torque (for this, check the user manual). We will exemplify this with a vehicle with 5 gears, like the VW GOL 1.8, with its maximum torque at 2750rpm. The graph below shows the hypothetic speeds that the manufacturer says it can reach.

      

(Illustrative values. They vary with vehicle's type and model)

Let's suppose that we are driving in gear 4, with the engine running at 2750rpm. The speed is of 84km/h approximately. The first braking action is to lift the foot of the accelerator pedal, thus we feel that the engine slows down the vehicle. When the speed goes down to 56km/h, we get close to the advisable speed for 3rd gear. So, we push the clutch brake, change from 4th to 3rd, and release gently the pedal. We'll see that the engine places itself in a value near 2750rpm, its maximum braking power. The vehicle's speed will continue to slow down and when it reaches 37km/h, we change from 3rd to 2nd.

This procedure is done in a descent way for each change. It's not necessary to follow the changes order, e.g. we can pass from 5th to 3rd, but only when the engine is on the right regime for that change. If not, we damage the clutch or the engine.


heavy vehicles Manejo
   How to maintain tires in good conditions in heavy vehicles?
Always chose the best tire that fits your type of work, your vehicle, the kind of road, load, speed, etc. and use the advised by the manufacturer inflation pressure. Control this last item once a week and monitor it when tires are not hot. Plus:

+ Do not overload tires. Use the right load rating tires.

+ Do not deflate tires to adjust their inflation pressure. This is adjusted automatically through the tire design by temperature difference.

+ Rotate tires periodically without changing the direction. Highlight the turning direction on the bead in permanent ink and be aware of it during the tire's service life.

+ Avoid braking abruptly and starting speeding up when is not necessary.

+ Avoid high speeds in rouge roads and in bends.

+ Check that the dual tires have the same characteristics: same size, same design and space between them should be the right one.

+ Arrange load correctly.

+ Through vulcanization repair tire's cut or damaged parts. A stain is just a temporary repair that will avoid the inner tube's damage, but it will not prevent the tire from breaking or blowing out.

+ Do not drive at higher speeds than the recommended for each kina of tire.

+ Do not mix up diagonal tires with radial tires.

Manejo
   Managing vehicle risk.
Each kind of company needs to manage different kinds of risk. In companies whose personnel devote all or part of their workday to driving vehicles, the main risk to pay attention to is the possibility of the occurrence of an accident in transit or inside the working area. Management people can chose from two diverse options to deal with this risk:

1) Eventuality plan: action after the event occurs.

2) Mitigation plan: action before the event occurs.

Vehicle risk implicates the human factor, which is why working with a mitigation plan is essential.

In vehicle safety, for each cause of risk there is a specific mitigation strategic action:


It's important to consider the existence of vehicle risk in order to manage it correctly. But also it's complicated to achieve this consideration through a model, due to the participation of diverse factors in driving. That is why the three aspects suggested (driver, vehicle, environment) are a starting point from which we can start working, accepting further ones in a long term process.



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