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 Previous issues: (ESPAÑOL)

Number 1 / Sep 28, 2007
  - Which is the proper driving position? (1)
  - Using automatic transmissions
  - What is a vehicle policy good for?
Number 2 / Oct 4, 2007
  - Which is the proper driving position? (2)
  - What to do when the engine overheats
  - Evaluate and train drivers
Number 3 / Oct 11, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (1)
  - How to distribute load in trucks
  - The reasons why road research is necessary
Number 4 / Oct 18, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (2)
  - Tips to conserve the battery
  - Auditing vehicles
Number 5 / Oct 25, 2007
  - How to brake correctly (3)
  - How to maintain tires in good conditions?
  - Managing vehicle risk
Number 6 / Nov 1, 2007
  - How we adjust car mirrors?
  - How to prevent the engine from overheating?
  - Accidents study
Number 7 / Nov 8, 2007
  - Precautions when driving at night
  - Fifth Wheel and King Pin (1)
  - Trip planning, a combining tool
Number 8 / Nov 15, 2007
  - Braking with air brakes
  - Fifth Wheel and King Pin (2)
  - Repair shop audits
Number 9 / Nov 22, 2007
  - The overtake manoeuvre (1)
  - Tire maintenance (1)
  - 24hs driving safely recording
Number 10 / Nov 29, 2007
  - The overtake manoeuvre (2)
  - Tire maintenance (2)
  - Taking responsibility for the hired driving
Number 11 / Dec 6, 2007
  - Driving when it rains
  - Understanding tire markings
  - Access control
Number 12 / Dec 13, 2007
  - Driving with Anti Lock Braking System
  - Coupling system safety
  - Safe driving, Values and Culture
Number 13 / Dec 21, 2007
  - When it's better to avoid driving?
  - Safety chains for coupling systems
  - Management rules and certification
Number 14 / Dec 27, 2007
  - Overspeed brakes' trailers
  - Air conditioning maintenance
  - Where to start from
Number 15 / May 14, 2008
  - Driving Definition
  - Clutch maintenance
Number 16 / May 28, 2008
  - The Attitude's influence when driving
  - Gear box oil
Number 17 / Jun 11, 2008
  - Driving through curves
  - How to choose the best tires
Number 18 / Jun 25, 2008
  - Anxiety effects in driving
  - Maintained shock absorbers, safety vehicles
Number 19 / Jul 10, 2008
  - Driving backwards
  - Prepare your vehicle for cold weather
Number 20 / Jul 23, 2008
  - Sleeping well, better driving
  - Exhaust fumes colour diagnosis
Number 21 / Aug 6, 2008
  - How to ascend and descend slopes safely
  - The engine cooling system
Number 22 / Aug 20, 2008
  - Dysfunctional beliefs in women and men driving
  - Safe Load in Tank Trucks
Number 23 / Sep 3, 2008
  - Driving in the fog
  - Safe lights
Number 24 / Sep 17, 2008
  - Driving in the fog - Second part
  - Hydraulic brakes safe maintenance (1)
Number 25 / Oct 1, 2008
  - Bad habits and their influence in behaviour
  - Hydraulic brakes safe maintenance (2)
Number 26 / Oct 15, 2008
  - How we learn to drive
  - Reducing tire air pressure
Number 27 / Oct 29, 2008
  - Crossing junctions
  - Dangerous alterations and modifications on heavy vehicles
Number 28 / Nov 12, 2008
  - Driving and distraction
  - Common transmission failures
Number 29 / Nov 26, 2008
  - Two different ways of understanding "Driving"
  - Safe lights
Number 30 / Dec 10, 2008
  - Preventing distractions
  - Failures easy to be detected
Number 31 / Jan 14, 2009
  - "Accident", its definition
  - Electronic Stability Control
Number 32 / Jan 28, 2009
  - Fatigue, the driving enemy
  - The steering on vehicles
Number 33 / Feb 11, 2009
  - Perceptual phenomena
  - Steering regulation
Number 34 / Feb 25, 2009
  - Car drivers and bikers, an intelligent coexistence
  - Progress in steering systems
Number 35 / Mar 11, 2009
  - Wrong horn usage
  - How the clutch works
Number 36 / 25 Mar, 2009
  - Driving in snowy roads
  - Clutch maintenance
Number 37 / 8 Abr, 2009
  - Understanding signposting
  - Expiring dates
Number 38 / 22 Abr, 2009
  - Rage control
  - The importance of the engine's torque when driving (1)
Number 39 / 6 May, 2009
  - Can we improve our driving techniques?
  - The importance of the engine's torque when driving (2)
Number 40 / 20 May, 2009
  - Driving and antidepressants, a dangerous combination
  - Correct 4x4 transmissions usage
Number 41 / 3 Jun, 2009
  - The attention degree can be improved
  - Maintenance: the key to extend the engine's service life
Manejo Inteligente Manejo Inteligente
 www.drivingconsultancy.com
Info Manejo September 17, 2008
 number 24
We are sending you the 24th INFO MANEJO's issue. Today we bring you the second part of recommendations for safe driving in fog and you will learn about your vehicle's hydraulic brakes.

We also invite you to visit our new web site where you will find previous INFO MANEJO issues, in their Spanish and English versions.

Manejo
   Driving in the fog    Second part
Recommendations

1. Fog must not surprise us in the road. Avoid places known to have fog. Inform yourself before departure if where you will transit there is fog.

2. Plan before you departure, sometimes is preferable to interrupt or postpone a trip.

3. If you never drove in the fog, it is important to know that you will not be able to properly calculate distances. So, travel with someone with experience.

4. Use special fog lamps. They are more intense, with yellow light and a plane beam.

5. If the vehicle does not have these type of lamps -some countries' legislation still does not consider them as compulsory- is convenient to have them installed by a specialist.

6. Do not use blinkers, except when it is necessary stopping. The blinkers' lights will not be sufficiently visible and will confuse other drivers.

7. When entering the fog, diminish speed till reaching the one that allows you to see the environment references -vial marks-. If possible, leave the route and wait in a safe place till the fog disappears.

8. If you do not see enough, reduce speed but do not brake or do abrupt maneuvers. At a slow speed you will be able to brake and maneuver properly, with enough time for the ones behind us to do it.

9. If you can not see properly, only stop your vehicle in a safe place and far away from the road..

10. Stay alert and keep in mind that there might be detained vehicles in the road.

11. Remember that when driving, distances calculations are own and subjective, and depend from our own experience. If we never drove in the fog, we do not know how to calculate.

12. Keep in mind the false perception generated by fog and that we might think objects are farther than they really are, so distances may appear to be longer.

13. Increase the following distance with trucks, bear in mind that drivers from a higher position see less.

14. The adherence condition diminishes in roads with fog, and if the external temperature is near 0ºC, the ice on the road problem appears.

15. Keep crystals and lamps clean, using the windshield wiper intermittently.

  Manejo
    Hydraulic brakes safe maintenance
While electronics and technology progress, the brake systems are more efficient and complex. The -ABS- system is widely used in modern cars, includes an advanced electronic computerized command.

This time we will learn about the hydraulic pump principle and the wheels receptive cylinders with flexible tubes, which are used since 1921, when the 3 liters competition car Duesenberg, France's Grand Prix winner, adopted the hydraulic brakes as innovation. However, not until Malcom Loughead invented the Lockheed one, introduced in the New York Automobile Salon in 1924.


Nowadays, most cars have a hydraulic braking system which consists in two basic principles formulated by the physician Pascal:

* liquids can not be compressed,

* the pressure applied at any liquid point is transmitted equally in all directions.

So, if we press the pedal brake, we act over a piston in a master cylinder where the pressure is created by the driver effort. Some tubes transmit the fluid to the receptive wheel cylinders, which present a larger diameter than the master cylinder and have more pressure, and less distance to cover.

Currently, circuits are double and diagonally set, this way if any of them loses braking power, the others keep on working over the wheels. Also, almost in every car the greatest braking effort is done by the front wheels. For this reason, some pistons and larger diameter cylinders are used.

Knowing the functioning principle system will allow us to understand the braking operation. Driver recommendations in INFO MANEJO nº25

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Driving Consultancy - Av. Rivadavia 2031 - 3º 6 - CABA - Argentina - info@drivingconsultancy.com - (54 11) 4951-3274